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Massage Theory
Test Questions
(These test questions and answers
need to be updated and corrected. I am also looking for more example
questions to be posted here. Contact me if you have some you would like to
share or share your experience of the national exam on the bulletin board linked
above. Thanks!)
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The sequences and directions of Swedish massage
strokes are most adapted to which anatomical situation? (a) Muscle Attachments
(b) Subcutaneous adipose tissue (c) autonomic nervous system (d) lymph
drainage and venous return
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Reflexive physiological effects (a) are generally
a result of nervous system responses
are directly produced by the massage
therapist (c) include desquamation of dead skin cells and assisting lymphatic
and venous circulation (d) are always stimulating and to be avoided
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The best massage stroke to be used on a chronic
sprain is (a) transverse friction (b) effleurage (c) pick up (d) tapotement
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Lymph drainage massage procedures should begin
at the (a) tendons (b) left thoracic lymph duct (c) right thoracic lymph
duct (d) immune system
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Cross fiber friction massage must be applied
in which direction to the fibers? (a) horizontal (b) at right angles (c)
triangular (d) longitudinally
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Friction, percussion and vibration are techniques
that (a) stimulate (b) relax (c) strengthen (d) weaken
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The kneading technique in which the practitioner
attempts to grasp tissue and gently lift it away from the bone is called
(a) effleurage (b) pettrissage (c) tapotement (d) pinching
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Pressing one superficial layer of tissue against
a deeper layer of tissue to improve blood flow is called (a) rolling (b)
spreading (c) friction (d) tapotement
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Nerve trunks and centers are sometimes chosen
as sites for the application of (a) rolling (b) rocking (c) triggerpoint
(d) vibration
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A hyper-irritable point that is painful when
pressure is applied to it is called a (an) (a trigger point (b) pressure
point (c) energy center (d) pain point
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The general effects of percussion movements
are to tone muscles by (a) vibration (b) friction (c) kneading (d) hacking
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The ability to carry on an activity over a
prolonged period of time and resist fatigue is called (a) strength (b)
muscle bulk (c) endurance (d) exercise
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Deep strokes and kneading techniques can cause
an increase in (a) vasoconstriction (b) blood flow (c) diastolic arterial
pressure (d) spasm
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The cupping technique is best suited for (a)
bronchitis (b) lung cancer (c) asthma (d) pleurisy
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In addition to massage, which is most helpful
in increasing lymph flow? (a) exercise (b) heat (c) immobilization (d)
passive movement
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The therapeutic benefit of friction is (a)
local hyperemia (b) lymphatic drainage (c) tonification (d) none of the
above
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The main purpose of deep cross fiber friction
is to (a) separate fibers (b) lengthen fibers (c) reduce pain (d) all of
the above
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Which is the best stroke for breaking down
adhesions? (a) effleurage (b) petrissage (c) friction (d vibration
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The purpose of petrissage is to milk the muscle
and (a) remove toxins and waste products (b) assist venous return (c) squeeze
the arteries and veins (d) apply pressure to the bones
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Moving a joint without assistance or resistance
is called (a) flexion (b) range of motion (c) extension (d) resisted movement
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Direct physical effects of massage techniques
on the tissues they contact are called (a) reflex effects (b) pressure
points (c) physiological effects (d) mechanical effects
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Gentle stroking, light friction and light
petrissage are found to be (a) stimulating (b) reactive (c) calming (d)
all of the above
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Variations of effleurage include (a) knuckling
and stroking (b) backstroke and friction (c) pressure and brushing (d)
angling and stroking
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Variations of petrissage include (a) one-handed
petrissage (b) open and closed C (c) V hand position (d) all of the above
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Variations of friction massage are (a) wringing
and sq
ueezing (b) knuckling and stroking (c) cross fiber manipulation and
hooking (d) hacking and squeezing C
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Kneading includes all of the following except
(a) rolling (b) fulling (c) petrissage (d) friction
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Vibration is best used for (a) breaking up
scar tissue (b) relieving chronic edema (c) relaxing tight muscles (d)
decreasing circulation
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Blood Pressure generally decreases during
massage because (a) the heart pumps less blood (b) venous flow is impeded
(c) vasoconstriction occurs in the aorta (d) vasodilatation occurs in the
peripheral arterial beds
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Ischemia is (a) swelling (b) pain caused by
hypertonicity (c) lack of muscle tone (d) lack of blood in an area
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Which stroke is best used to break up subcutaneous
adhesions? (a) cross fiber friction on the borders of the muscles (b) skin
rolling (c) light effluerage (d) tapotement
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The swedish massage stroke most helpful for
relieving edema is (a) light tapping proximal to the edema (b) direct pressure
friction into the edema (c) effleurage proximal to the edema and going
towards the trunk (d) all of the above
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Cross-fiber friction is most useful for (a)
breaking up blood clots (b) releasing endorphins into the brain (c) spreading
and broadening the muscle (d) increasing venous return
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The gate theory is used to explain how massage
may assist in (a) lessening a client’s edema (b) decreasing a client’s
pain (c) increasing a client’s ability to move a joint through facilitation
activation (d) helping client get in and out the door
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The five basic swedish massage strokes are
(a) effleurage, hacking, shaking, vibration and cupping (b) effleurage
, Petrissage, squeezing, compression and swedish gymnastics (c) effleurage,
petrissage, friction, vibration and tapotement (d) effleurage, petrissage,
friction, cupping and hacking
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The three stages of inflammation are (a) cute,
subacute and hypertonic (b) acute, subacute and hyperacute (c) acute, subacute
and chronic (d) acute, superacute and subacute
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An endangerment structure in the posterior
triangle is (a) the common carotid artery (b) the sciatic nerve (c) the
brachial plexus (d) the median nerve
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The borders of the femoral triangle are (a)
inguinal ligament, rectus femoris, and sartorius (b) inguinal ligament,
rectus femoris and adductor longus (c) inguinal ligament, sartorius and
adductor longus (d) inguinal ligament, sartorius and popliteus
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Friction includes (a) light and deep gliding
strokes over the skin (b) direct pressure and cross-fiber and linear strokes
(c) shaking and tapping (d) rubbing the skin until the client’s skin turns
bright red
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Reciprocal inhibition refers to ( a) a clients
shyness (b) the fact that one group of muscles must relax when the client
makes them (c) the fact that one group of muscles must relax when the opposite
group contracts (d) all of the above
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Hypoxia is (a) less than the normal amount
of blood in an area (b) lack of oxygen (c) a contraindication for massage
(c) a condition characterized by cold extremities
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The antagonist muscle is ( a) the group of
muscles contracting (b) the group of muscles opposite the group of contracting
(c) the group of muscles assisting the group of muscles contracting (d)
all of the above
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The ability of a muscle to contract in called
(a) strength (b) power (c) speed (d) endurance
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The piriformis may be involved with (a) anterior
leg pain (b) sciatic pain (c) anterior abdominal pain (d) lateral knee
pain
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Which of the following is true of the muscle
spindle cell? (a) when stretched too far, too quickly, it causes the muscle
to relax (b) when stretched too far, too quickly, it causes the muscle
to contract (c) when stretched too far, too quickly, it engages the Golgi
tendon organ (d) when stretched too far, too quickly, it engages the gate
theory
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The common carotid artery is in what region?
(a) posterior triangle (b) bracial region (c) anterior triangle (d) delto-pectoral
triangle
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Which massage stroke has the least effect
on blood circulation? (a) effleurage (b) petrissage (c) tapotement (d)
wringing
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Linear friction is most useful for (a) breaking
up blood clots (b) releasing endorphins into the muscle belly (c) stretching
muscle fibers (d) increasing venous return
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Which of the following is contraindicated
for effleurage? (a) very hairy skin (b) insomnia (c) pain (d) inflammation
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Cupping, Hacking, slapping and beating are
all forms of (a) effleurage (b) friction (c) petrissage (d) tapotement
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Which of the following are contraindicated
for tapotement? (a) insomnia (b) hypertonicity (c) hyperemia (d) hypothyroidism
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Which of the following strokes, if done for
too long a period, can cause loss of sensation due to nervous system overload?
(a) light effleurage (b) tapotement (c) petrissage (d) knuckling
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Nerve strokes are most often used to (a) stimulate
(b) tickle (c) assist venous return (d) soothe the nervous system
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Tapotement can be beneficial (a) if it is
applied lightly over the abdomen (b) when used over the thoracic cavity
to loosen mucus in the lungs (c) to stimulate circulation (d) all of the
above
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Effluerage has the following effects: (a)
eliciting parasympathetic response (b) vasodilation (c) assisting lymph
and venous flow (d) all of the above
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Physiological effects primarily effect which
system(s)? (a) nervous (b) circulatory (c) endocrine (d) all of the above
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If you want to stimulate rather than relax
your client, your massage strokes would be (a) vigorous (b) slow and gentle
(c) deep (d) light
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Mechanical effects occur because (a) the endocrine
system is activated (b) the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated
(c) of our intent (d) we apply strokes to certain areas of the body
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Which structures are best massaged using petrissage?
(a) joint capsules (b) muscle bellies (c) tendons (d) fingers
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Petrissage is contraindicated for (a) flaccid
paralysis (b) hairy skin (c) pregnancy (d) ischemia
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The bodies ability to receive information
from muscles, tendons and other structures regarding their external and
internal conditions is called (a) proprioception (b) parasympathetic nervous
system (c) the gate theory (d) hyperemia
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Reflexive physiological effects (a) are generally
a result of nervous system responses (b) are directly produced by the massage
therapist (c) include desquamation of dead skin cells and assisting lymphatic
and venous circulation (d) are always stimulating and to be avoided
Key
to test - Test answers will vary by school!! To purchase books to help
you study for your state or national massage exam see special
book section.
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